| Thorp's Era.
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| | stopped playing blackjack. And during
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| If you don't know, now we are living in
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| | several months, all the casinos had to
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| 43th year of Thorp's era. This person had
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| | return to the former rules for their own
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| such a great influence on the blackjack
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| | survival.
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| and all the gambling industry, that I
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| | Another interesting effect caused by
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| seriously consider that he is worth of
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| | Thorp's book- incredible popularity of
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| setting up a monument while alive, by the
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| | blackjack outrunning the favorite
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| way at the casino's expense.
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| | American craps. A lot of people, after
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| Being a young scientist, Edward O. Thorp
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| | reading the book considered themselves
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| regularly read mathematic journals. When
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| | potential winners and rushed to the
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| he was a student, he was pressed for
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| | blackjack tables. However, most of them
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| money. The idea of outplaying the casino
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| | had a bad understanding of the
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| on the basis of calculations appealed to
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| | mathematical principles of the game did
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| Thorp and he decided to check the results
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| | not become winners but quite vice versa.
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| of the "excellent four" and see what will
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| | Therefore, casino got more clients and
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| come out of it. The result of his
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| | moreover losing clients. Since then their
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| activity was a phenomenal book Beat The
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| | number is only increasing.
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| Dealer, now its sales are approaching
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| | The system presented in the first edition
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| million of samples.
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| | of Thorp's book was quite difficult even
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| Thorp chose the other way - he did not
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| | for professionals and only the few could
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| make analytical calculations, but with
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| | apply it under the conditions of a real
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| powerful at that time computer IBM (they
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| | game. Something should be simplified.
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| were also called mainframe) he wrote
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| | The power behind the throne.
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| several programs on Fortran, creating
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| | Julian Braun is quite a unique
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| quite original methods for 60s. By the
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| | personality. He had hardly ever played a
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| way, Thorp together with his research
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| | deal in real blackjack. But he played
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| instructor Claude Elwood Shannon, a great
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| | millions and maybe even billions of deals
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| scientist, were also involved in solving
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| | on the computer. Braun was a good
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| the problem "how to outplay the
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| | mathematician and programmer and he got
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| roulette?"
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| | interested in Thorp's idea and offered
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| From his calculations Thorp understood
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| | him cooperation in the sphere of
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| that dead cards had a considerable affect
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| | calculations and programming.
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| on the gambler's chances this or that
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| | Braun became the person who first
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| way. His main idea was about memorizing
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| | invented the counting system Hi-Lo. He
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| the dead cards in somewhat simplified way
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| | was behind the development of all modern
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| and when the situation is beneficial for
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| | systems the authorship of which belongs
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| the player, make high stakes. By the way,
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| | to Revere, Humble, Wong and Uston. He
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| this system still remains the basis of
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| | wrote the only book How to Play Winning
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| any methods and counting systems of
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| | Blackjack, but what a book!
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| blackjack.
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| | Braun upgraded Thorp's system on FORTRAN
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| The counting system introduced by Thorp,
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| | and made considerable changes and the
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| was rather complicated for usage in real
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| | second edition of Thorp's book also
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| casinos, required great concentration and
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| | contained Hi-Lo system in its modern
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| large amount of mentally arithmetic
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| | form. It was quite a revolution in
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| actions. However with good training there
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| | gambling world. Braun worked in IBM
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| was nothing impossible in its
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| | corporation and had access to probably
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| application.
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| | most powerful computers of that time.
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| Thorp's book immediately became a success
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| | This fact helped to build simple and
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| and bestseller. Everyone understood that
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| | efficient tool in struggle with casino.
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| with quite simple actions you can get an
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| | Using Braun's calculations the gambler
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| advantage. Every reader dreamt of
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| | mostly known as Lawrence Revere developed
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| enormous prizes. However, the casinos
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| | his own counting system and presented his
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| also knew the score.
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| | results in the form of convenient tables
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| Panic seized them. And in 1962 after
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| | which are applied in most counters of the
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| Thorp's book, all Las Vegas Casinos
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| | world. Lance Humble based his HiOpt
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| without exception changed their rules
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| | systems on Braun's experience.
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| being afraid of mass influx of "system
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| | Regardless the fact that Julian most
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| players". The quality of the rules
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| | probably had never been to the casino, he
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| worsened terribly and no counting system
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| | became a power behind the throne of the
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| could ever help you to win. Though the
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| | blackjack and all the mathematical
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| effect for casino turned out to be quite
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| | modeling of the game fell on him.
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| unpredictable and reverse - people
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