How Publishers Decide to Publish a Book (or Not)

Have you ever wondered how publishers go aboutincluding bookstores and other outlets such as Target
deciding whether to publish a manuscript?or Wal-Mart stores.)
I recently talked to Andrea Mullins, the publisher ofPublishers don't only look at the bookstore sales,
New Hope Publishers (who just happen to be thethankfully. In fact, more than half of all books sold
publisher of my book, Abundant Gifts). Andreaare sold through channels other than bookstores,
outlined the process in great detail. Though thissuch as mail order, warehouse clubs, special sales to
process might differ slightly from publisher toa variety of outlets such as corporations, nonprofit
publisher, most follow the same basic process. (Iorganizations, or associations that might buy bulk
know, because I have worked with at least a dozenorders. If a publisher knows a book will do well in
of them, as an author, editor, and/or book coach.)these channels, and the publisher already has inroads
Note that many publishers do not accept unsolicitedinto these special markets, they may publish the
manuscripts or book proposals. That means that youbook even though they know it won't do well on the
usually have to have an agent, or some prior contactretail level.
with an editor who has given you the go-ahead toThis is where it pays to do your homework, both
send in your proposal. If you do not have an agentabout potential non-traditional outlets you may have
or the go-ahead from an editor, the book proposal iscontacts with, and about which publishers might have
routinely returned with a form letter.such contacts so you can target them
It will be returned only if you included aknowledgeably. For instance, one of my clients has a
self-addressed, stamped mailer for the package tobook with a potential market for college students.
be returned, by the way. Otherwise, you can guessWe sent the proposal to a publisher that is
where it's dumped.associated with a college campus ministry.
If a publisher does accept unsolicited proposals, they4. If all lights are green-the publisher loves the idea,
usually have guidelines, posted on their web site.the author has a solid platform, the numbers work
Make sure you follow these guidelines to the letter,out to indicate the book will sell well-the publisher
or you'll waste your time and your chance with thattries to determine how many books will be sold in
publisher.the first year. Typically, they will figure a royalty
Here's what happens to your book proposal, once itadvance based on this number. Of course, they will
arrives at a publishing house:probably shoot lower at first, figuring there will be
1. The proposal gets added to the pile along with asome negotiating on the part of the agent and/or
lot of other book proposals. Depending on theauthor. They will then offer the author a contract.
publisher's submission guidelines (check these ahead),If the publisher decides the book won't be profitable
the proposal may be screened first by someone. Ifenough for them-for whatever reason-they reject
an agent has contacted an editor, the proposal willthe proposal or manuscript.
end up on that editor's desk. He or she will look itIf you get a rejection from a publisher, it's good to
over, and make an initial decision whether to bring itdetermine, if you can, why the book was rejected.
before others in the publishing house.Sometimes they'll tell you; usually they'll just say "it's
2. If the editor deems the proposal worthy ofnot right for us at this time." If you have an agent,
pitching, he or she will take it to the next "pub board"the agent can often find out what was wrong.
meeting. Usually the "pub board" consists of theIf it's something you can fix-such as adding ballast to
publisher, an acquisitions editor (usually the one whoyour platform-go ahead and take some time to lay
first sees your proposal), a marketing person, a salessome more ground work before moving on to
manager, and a "numbers cruncher." The acquisitionsanother publisher. This is where an agent or book
editor champions your book, persuading the otherspublishing coach can help you.
as to why this book is worthy of being published.If the book just isn't right for that particular publisher,
The editor will have nothing to go on but youryou move on and submit to another. Agents usually
proposal, so that's why it has to answer any questionsubmit to several publishers on their "A list" first, and
a publisher might have about what the book is about,only move on to the "B list" once they hear back
who the audience is, why the author is qualified tofrom everyone on the first round.
write the book, what the competition is, what kindIt's worth noting that you usually don't get a second
of marketing the author will put into it.chance with a publisher, so make sure your proposal
It's important to know that there are any number ofis as strong as it can be from the outset. Study a
reasons why a publisher might reject a book, even ifpublisher's list; see if you can determine what their
they love the idea. They may already be publishing aunique stance is, and figure out how your book fits
book like it, or know that another publisher is goinginto what they're doing. Articulate that in your cover
to publish a similar book. They may have doneletter.
research already, and they know that "those kinds ofLook at the publisher's guidelines as posted on their
books" don't sell. I recently pitched a book to asite. However, I have always gone above and
publisher. They loved the idea, but their research onbeyond what they request-and I have sold every
prior books like it told them that this particular bookone of the books I have ever proposed (11 in all, plus
doesn't sell enough to warrant publishing.one book reprinted when three agents told me
3. If the pub board thinks the book has possibilities,nobody is buying reprints).
usually they will crunch some numbers. Often thisRemember, even if you are rejected by one
means going to special services they have access to,publisher, don't take it personally. Even books that
that tell them exactly how many books of a similarend up being best sellers were rejected by publishers.
title sold. (Regular folk don't have access to suchHang onto your vision, make sure your book proposal
numbers from services like Bookscan, which tracksand writing are as strong as they can possibly be,
how many books sell per week in retail outletsand never, never, never, never give up!